Sam Manekshaw, popularly known as Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, was one of India’s greatest military leaders and a national hero. He was born on 3 April 1914 in Amritsar (then British India) into a Parsi family. Known for his sharp intellect, charismatic leadership, and sense of humor, Manekshaw left an indelible mark on India’s military history.
Sam Manekshaw joined the Indian Military Academy in its very first batch and went on to serve the nation for nearly four decades. He participated in five wars: World War II, the Indo-Pak wars of 1947, 1965, 1971, and the 1962 Sino-Indian War (in senior command roles). He earned a reputation for courage and professionalism early in his career, including being wounded in action during World War II.
His finest hour came during the Indo-Pak War of 1971, when he served as the Chief of the Army Staff. With meticulous planning, clear objectives, and humane conduct of war, Manekshaw led India to a decisive victory that resulted in the creation of Bangladesh. The surrender of about 93,000 Pakistani troops remains one of the largest military surrenders since World War II.
In recognition of his exceptional service, Sam Manekshaw was conferred the rank of Field Marshal in 1973, becoming the first Indian Army officer to receive this honor. He passed away on 27 June 2008.
Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw is remembered as a legendary soldier whose leadership, integrity, and strategic brilliance continue to inspire the Indian Armed Forces and the nation.